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No image due to Copyright restrictions. | | | Miró, Joan (1893 - 1983) Spain
Figure à la Bougie, 1925
Oil on canvas; 116.2 x 88.5 cm Surrealism
UID 102-385
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Biography
Spanish painter, sculptor, designer and decorator. Although he was never really a member of any artistic movement, Miró distinguished himself, as Picasso did, by the formal and technical innovations he introduced to 20th century art. In 1907, he began his artistic apprenticeship in Barcelona at the Escuela de Artes y Oficios de La Lonja and, in 1912, he moved on to another school run by Francisco Gali, where he concentrated on the study of the Impressionists and Fauvists. His first paintings date from this period. In 1918, he was one of the first members of the Courbet group, an association of artists founded by Josep Artigas and students from the Circulo Artistico de Sant Lluc and he had his first one-man show at the Llu’s Dalmau Gallery in Barcelona. This was not very successful and led him to reconsider his methods, particularly after 1920. In the following year, he held another exhibition at the La Licorne Gallery, in Paris, where he didn't sell a single picture. Although he strove to avoid it, Miró was influenced by some movements during the 20s, namely Dadaism and Surrealism. In 1925, the Pierre Gallery in Paris exhibited Miró's work once again individually and together with works by Picasso and Paul Klee. Between 1929 and 1931 he sought to break all existing conventions, using collage technique, in which he incorporated rather unusual objects. Between 1934 and 1936, he produced a new series of Wild Paintings that showed the violence which he had, up until then, controlled. Aggression, sexuality and drama took on human form, deformed and grotesque, blistering on strange surfaces and materials. The first two years of the 40s marked the end of the Abstract influences on his work. 1941 saw the first major retrospective on Miró's work at the New York Museum of Modern Art (MoMA) which was extremely important for him, in terms of international recognition. In 1946, he exhibited at the Maeght Gallery, in Paris and produced numerous prints, lithographs and ceramics. In the 50s, he began to concentrate on sculpture and his creations in the various areas were characterised by the simultaneous presence of two distinct approaches: one of careful, thoughtful production, whilst the other was extremely spontaneous. In the 60s, there was a great change in Miró's work: it became dramatic, almost tragic with colour being almost suppressed by the weight of the black. In the final years of his career, he continued to experiment with new techniques, namely in the illustration of books and posters. It was in this period that he was awarded the Guggenheim Foundation Grand Prix (1963). After 1966, Miró worked intensely on sculptures based, mainly, on small objects he brought together in diverse and surprising ways. Stones, branches and other objects that he found during his walks along the beach were united in a manner which still has something of the Surrealist but, at the same time, showed his need to be in contact with nature and simple things.
Exhibitions
Joan Miró (NY) The Museum of Modern Art (MOMA, NY), USA 01-03-1959 ~ 31-05-1959
Joan Miró (LA) Los Angeles County Museum of Art, USA 01-06-1959 ~ 31-07-1959
O Surrealismo na Colecção Berardo - Estranho Desenho Palácio da Galeria, Câmara Municipal de Tavira, Portugal 12-07-2003 ~ 14-09-2003
Um paseo por la vanguardia española. Instantánea de Ramón Gómez de la Serna Museo Historíco Provincial "Doctor Julio Marc", Argentina 17-11-2004 ~ 20-02-2005
Fernando Lemos and Surrealism - The Berardo Collection Sintra Museu de Arte Moderna - Colecção Berardo (SMAM-CB), Portugal 26-11-2005 ~ 18-06-2006
Colecção Berardo Collection 1917-1999 Centro Cultural de Belém (CCB), Portugal 27-01-2000 ~ 27-08-2000
Durante o Fim - Rui Chafes Sintra Museu de Arte Moderna - Colecção Berardo (SMAM-CB), Portugal 15-10-2000 ~ 14-01-2001
O Surrealismo na Colecção Berardo - Estranho Desenho, Sintra Sintra Museu de Arte Moderna - Colecção Berardo (SMAM-CB), Portugal 04-07-2001 ~ 30-06-2001
Collection Berardo, Oeuvres Choisies du 20e Siècle Musée des Beaux Arts de Lyon, France 05-10-2001 ~ 14-01-2002
Joan Miró: Snail Woman Flower Star Museum Kunst Palast, Germany 13-07-2002 ~ 06-10-2002
Nova Apresentação da Colecção Berardo Sintra Museu de Arte Moderna - Colecção Berardo (SMAM-CB), Portugal 08-11-1999 ~ 01-03-2000
O Surrealismo na Colecção Berardo - Estranho Desenho, Sintra Sintra Museu de Arte Moderna - Colecção Berardo (SMAM-CB), Portugal 04-07-2001 ~ 30-06-2001
Fernando Lemos e o Surrealismo - Colecção Berardo Centro das Artes Casa das Mudas, Calheta, Madeira, Portugal 08-07-2006 ~ 31-01-2007
Berardo Museum Opening Museu Colecção Berardo, Portugal 25-06-2007 ~ 24-08-2008
De Miró à Warhol. La Collection Berardo à Paris Musée du Luxembourg, France 16-10-2008 ~ 22-02-2009
Art in France 1860-1960: Realism MASP - Museu de Arte de São Paulo, Brazil 15-05-2009 ~ 30-06-2009
Art in France 1860-1960: Realism, Porto Alegre MARGS, MUSEU DE ARTE DO RIO GRANDE DO SUL ADO MALAGOLI, Brazil 13-07-2009 ~ 30-08-2009
Fragmentos Arte Contemporânea na Colecção Berardo MACE, Museu de Arte Contemporânea de Elvas, Portugal 24-09-2010 ~ 23-01-2011
Sous la Dictée de L’image Museu Colecção Berardo, Portugal 01-03-2010 ~ 26-05-2010
Tudo o que é Sólido Museu Colecção Berardo, Portugal 07-06-2010 ~ 12-09-2010
Bibliography
Bilder aus einer Privatsammlug, Du, 1974
Christie's, Important Paintings and Sculpture from a European Estate, 1998 Published by Christie's
Colecção Berardo Collection 1917-1999, 2000 Published by CCB - Centro Cultural de Belém ISBN 972817652X
Collection Berardo, Oeuvres Choisies du 20e Siècle, 2001 Published by Musée des Beaux Arts de Lyon ISBN 2711843319
Fernando Lemos and Surrealism , 2005 Published by Sintra Museu de Arte Moderna - Colecção Berardo ISBN 9729903026
Fernando Lemos e o Surrealismo – Colecção Berardo, 2006 Published by Centro das Artes - Casa das Mudas ISBN 9728902034
Joan Miró, 1959
Joan Miró, Life and Work, 1962
Joan Miró: Snail Woman Flower Star, 2002 Published by Prestel
O Surrealismo na Colecção Berardo - Estranho Desenho, 2001 Published by Sintra Museu de Arte Moderna - Colecção Berardo ISBN 9729742847
O Surrealismo na Colecção Berardo - Estranho Desenho, 2003 Published by Palácio da Galeria, Câmara Municipal de Tavira ISBN 9728705050
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